Air
Transport-What Air Transport has
The
air transport industry includes those activities that are directly dependent
on transporting people and goods by air. This includes:.
•
The aviation sector – airports, airlines, general aviation, air
navigation service providers and those activities directly serving passengers
or providing airfreight services; and
• The civil aerospace sector, which comprises the manufacture
and maintenance of aircraft systems, frames and engines
Together, these two sectors provide a measure of the total industry,
which we have termed the air transport industry.
Institutional
and Ownership Structure
The
State Secretariat of Civil Aviation (SSCA) is the major player in the
Aviation Sector in Cambodia. It is the administrator and regulator of
civil aviation, the operator of several domestic airports and the body
in charge of the development of civil aviation in a national context.While
the SSCA does not manage or operate the Phnom Penh, Siem Reap International
Airports, Sihanoukville International Airport and Kampong Chhnang Airports
directly, it does nevertheless have an important role of regulation
in the broader administration of government owned airports such as these,
and has ultimate oversight for the licensing, certification and approval
of development at all of the airports. The four airports mentioned above
have been contracted out and committed to private sector consortia on
a BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer) basis for the purposes of day-to-day
management, operations, and maintenance and capital improvement. Similarly,
the national Air Traffic and Air Navigation Services have been contracted
to the private sector under a Public-Private Cooperation Agreement for
day-to-day operations, maintenance and upgrading/modernizing of the
ATS/ANS facilities.
As
a result of these fundamental structural changes in the responsibility
for operation and development of the nation's international and regional
airports, and
the operation and development of the Air Traffic System/Air Navigation
Systems (ATS/ANS), the role of the SSCA has, by default, changed significantly.
Its former operational functions of ATS/ANS, and the operation and maintenance
of the nation's airports, have been significantly reduced by virtue
of the private sector concessions, leaving the SSCA with a much changed
role and responsibility. Consequently, the actual structure and role
of SSCA will have to be modified and strengthened to reflect the changes
brought about by the substantial involvement of the private sector and
new trend in the Cambodian civil aviation sector.
While
certain airports have been placed under private sector concessions,
the SSCA still has direct responsibility for the civil aviation law
and regulations, for enforcement of regulations, for traffic rights
negotiations and for national aviation planning and policy making, maintenance
and development of the remaining domestic airports and promotion of
air transport system. In the future the SSCA is keen to explore the
opportunities for further Public Private Participation (PPP) in the
airports infrastructure under the conditions that will enable the sector
to flourish.
Legislative
Instruments Governing the SSCA
•
International Civil Aviation Conventions,
• Royal Decree(Kram) SH RDC 0196 on the formation of State Secretariat
of Civil aviation (SSCA) dated 24 Jan 1996,
• Civil Aviation Code (Law) is promulgated on 19 Jan 2008,
• Sub-decree (SDC) No.12 on the organization and functioning of
State Secretariat of Civil aviation (SSCA),
• Civil Aviation Regulations,
The
Civil Aviation (SSCA) Main Statutory Functions:
The
main effective aviation sector activity calls for performance of functions
are summarized below.
(i) Safety Regulation (Regulatory oversight function)
•
Regulate and oversee the operations of Cambodia-registered aircraft;
• Regulate and oversee the operations of Aerospace industries
Flight Safety;
• Regulate and oversee the operation of Airport Security;
• Regulate and oversee the operations of Airport and Air Navigation;
• Perform Audit, Inspection and Certification;
• License aircraft maintenance, flight personnel and air traffic
controllers;
• Manage, supervise and oversight the Airport Environment;
• Ensure that all existing rules and regulations in aviation are
in accordance with the guidance and Standard and Recommended Practices
stipulated by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO);
• Advise the Cambodian Government on matters related to civil
aviation;
• Act internationally as the national body and authority representing
Cambodia in respect of matters relating to civil aviation;
(ii)
Air Services Development (Air Service Regulation and Promotion)
•
Regulate and promote the development of air transport (air carriers
and route development);
• Negotiate and liberalize air services agreements;
• Expand the international air services network between Cambodia
and other countries.
(iii)
Airports Regulation and Operations
•
Regulate and oversee the planning, design, construction and operation
of all of the airports in Cambodia, including all the airports under
concession;
• Operate and manages all airports, except those for which concessions
are granted;
• Plan, develop and maintain standards for efficiency and services
in airport operations;
• Ensure the planning, building and maintenance of airport infrastructure
is in accordance with specified standards;
• Administrate, oversee and facilitate the operations of airport
Developers/ Operators in accordance with concession/management agreements,
rules and regulations;
• Administer, oversee and monitor aircraft noise and noise mitigation
measures;
• Administer policies relating to environmental protection and
minimization of environmental disruption due to airport development
and operation.
(iv)
Airspace Regulation and Operations
•
Plan and develop CNS/ATM systems;
• Regulate and oversee the operation of the Air Traffic Control
Services Provider to ensure a safe, orderly and expeditious flow of
aircraft movements within the Phnom Penh Flight Information Region (FIR);
• Provide search and rescue service to aircraft in distress within
the Phnom Penh FIR;
• Administer, oversee, and facilitate the operations of the Air
Traffic Control Services Provider in accordance with agreements, rules
and regulations;
• Maximize airspace capability in cooperation with ICAO, IATA
and other user groups.
(v)
National Civil Aviation Planning
•
Initiate and formulate aviation policy planning, develop plans, define
objectives, set targets for short medium and long term;
• Review, coordinate and initiate corrective actions to modify
plans;
• Manage and update the National Civil Aviation Development Plan;
• Maintain responsibility for all infrastructure and business
development for the air navigation system and the national airports;
• Advise the national government on all matters concerning the
rules and regulations of civil aviation and the development of civil
aviation infrastructure and operations;
• Administer, oversight and coordinate of all business development
and operation under concession agreements;
• Manage and coordinate international regional and sub-regional
cooperation related to civil aviation matters.
